ECONOMIC TRENDS

 

Two successive documents, the Report to the Henderson County Board of Commissioners by the Committee on Economic Development and the Henderson County Economic Development Master Plan, generally agree that Henderson County’s economy is composed of the four basic components:  Industrial / Manufacturing, Tourism, Commercial, and Agriculture, in rank order.  (These reports will be addressed in more detail, below).

 

Underlying these four basic components of the county’s economy are two primary foundations: the natural environment (those ecological and landscape features and functions upon which the economy is built) and the people (from which the economy derives its energy, intelligence, and for whose benefit the economy operates).  The following information reviews the components of the county economy in some detail.

 

Income Structure

 

The measurement and comparison of various income levels helps to quantify the economic viability of a community.  Per capita income is defined as the average income for every individual man, woman, and child within a unit.  When viewed in comparison with median family income and median household income, the overall strength of the local economy can be determined.  Figure ET.1 shows the income per capita, median household income, and median income of Henderson County residents.

 

Figure ET.1 Income Characteristics Henderson County 1970 – 2000

 

1970

1980

1990

2000

Income per capita1

$3,296

$8,892

$18,365

$26,839

Median family income²

$6,828

$16,503

$31,331

$49,800

Median household income3

No data

$14,177

$29,819

$39,1871

Source: ¹Woods & Poole Economics, Inc.; ²NC Department of Commerce 2001 data; 3NC State Data Center

 

In 1990, the per capita income in Henderson County ranked 12th in the State and was 6% higher than the state average.  The county’s per capita income increased by approximately 202% between 1980 and 2000, an average increase of approximately 10% each year during that period.  According to Woods & Poole and the NC Department of Commerce, Henderson County’s income per capita was only a fraction less than the State’s income per capita in 2000.

 

The median household and family incomes were also only slightly less than the state averages.  According to the figures detailed in Figure ET.1 above, the median family and median household incomes increased by upwards of 200% during the period between 1980 and 2000.

 

Figure ET.2 Henderson County Family

Income Characteristics 1970 – 2000

Families with income under:

1970

1980

1990           

2000

$5,000

4,134

1,375

622

n/a

$9,999

4,656

2,962

1,093

1,039

Families with income:

 

$10,000-14,999

2,335

3,387

1,777

1,153

$15,000-24,999

768

5,438

4,238

3,225

$25,000-49,999

228

3,773

9,008

9,633

$50,000 or more

44

506

4,558

14,401

Source:  U.S. Census Bureau

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The number of families with income under $5,000 decreased by 85% between 1970 and 1990 (Figure ET.2), and the number of families with income above $25,000 increased dramatically during the same period. 

 

Employment Status

 

Over the years Henderson County has maintained an unemployment rate that  is consistent with neighboring counties and below the state average.  Between 1990 and 2000, the county’s unemployment rate has been below the state and national averages, as shown in Figure ET.3. 

 

Source: Based on NC Employment Security Data

 

Labor force is defined by the US Census as including all persons who are able to work, and who are sixteen years of age or older.  This includes employed and unemployed persons.  The NC Department of Commerce holds that 43.9% of the county’s population was in the labor force in 1999.  NC Employment Security Commission data indicates that Henderson County’s labor force increased from 32,329 persons in 1990 to 38,593 in 2001, which is a 17.1% increase.  This correlates closely with the net migration into the county during the same period.  Overall, Henderson County has maintained a consistently increasing civilian labor force. (Figure ET.4)

 

Figure ET. 4 Henderson County Employment Characteristics 1990-2002

 

Labor Force

Employed

Unemployed

Unemployment Rate

1990

32,329

31,482

847

2.6%

1991

32,536

31,113

1,423

4.4%

1992

32,616

31,016

1,600

4.9%

1993

32,726

31,390

1,336

4.1%

1994

34,242

33,112

1,130

3.3%

1995

34,656

33,543

1,113

3.2%

1996

35,506

34,446

1,060

3.0%

1997

35,810

35,034

776

2.2%

1998

35,746

34,835

911

2.5%

1999

37,286

36,426

860

2.3%

2000

38,300

37,484

816

2.1%

2001

38,593

37,293

1,300

3.4%

2002 (Jan)

37,848

36,064

1,784

4.7%

Source:  NC Employment Security Commission

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Employment by Industry

 

Figures ET.5 & ET.6 indicate that the largest percentage of the county’s workforce (approximately 65%) is found within the manufacturing, service, and retail trade sectors, as has been the case during much of period between 1970 and 2000.

 

An interesting shift in employment occurred between 1980 and 2000 as manufacturing took second place in employment to service trades.  In 1980, the largest employment sector was manufacturing, followed by services and retail trade.  Then, during the 1990s and into 2000, the largest sector of employment became services (27.7% of total employment), followed by manufacturing (19.4%) and retail trade (17.4%).  In comparison, the State percentages for service trades and manufacturing in 2000 were 27% and 17%, respectively.

 

The lowest employment in Henderson County has historically been in the areas of mining, agriculture, and wholesale trade, where only 5% of the county’s labor force was employed in 2000.  However, as would be expected in a county with substantial agriculture, Henderson County’s percentage was higher than the State average in percentage employment for that sector.

 

Figure ET.5 Henderson County Employment by Industry 1970 - 2000

Employment by Industry (in thousands)

1970

1980

1990

2000

Agriculture

0.11

0.49

0.55

0.79

Mining

0.03

0.01

0.02

0.05

Construction

04.4

1.93

2.99

4.04

Finance/Insurance/Real Estate

0.95

1.90

1.84

2.72

Government

1.80

3.05

4.12

5.10

Manufacturing

4.75

6.70

7.66

8.75

Retail Trade

2.48

3.97

6.47

7.84

Wholesale Trade